HIGHMARK COMMERCIAL MEDICAL POLICY - PENNSYLVANIA

 
 

Medical Policy:
S-127-018
Topic:
Pancreas Transplant
Section:
Surgery
Effective Date:
February 5, 2024
Issued Date:
February 5, 2024
Last Revision Date:
December 2023
Annual Review:
December 2023
 
 

Transplantation of a healthy pancreas is a treatment for individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes. Pancreas transplantation can restore glucose control and prevent, halt, or reverse the secondary complications from diabetes.

Policy Position

Pancreas transplant after a prior kidney transplant may be considered medically necessary in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes.

A combined pancreas and kidney transplant may be considered medically necessary in insulin-dependent diabetic individuals with uremia.

Pancreas transplant alone may be considered medically necessary in individuals with severely disabling and potentially life-threatening complications due to hypoglycemia unawareness and labile insulin-dependent diabetes that persists despite optimal medical management.

Pancreas re-transplant after a failed primary pancreas transplant may be considered medically necessary in patients who meet criteria for pancreas transplantation.

Pancreas transplant not meeting the criteria as indicated in this policy is considered not medically necessary.

In addition to the above criteria and subject to the discretion of the transplant center, a Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) positive donor organ maybe considered an acceptable organ option for an HCV negative adult recipient 18 years of age or older.

 

48550

48551

48552

48554

48556

48999

50300

50320

50323

50325

50327

50328

50329

50340

50360

50365

50370

50380

50547

S2065

 




General Criteria

Potential contraindications for solid organ transplant that are subject to the judgment of the transplant center include the following:

  • Known current malignancy, including metastatic cancer
  • Recent malignancy with high risk of recurrence
  • Untreated systemic infection making immunosuppression unsafe, including chronic infection
  • Other irreversible end-stage diseases not attributed to kidney disease
  • History of cancer with a moderate risk of recurrence
  • Systemic disease that could be exacerbated by immunosuppression
  • Psychosocial conditions or chemical dependency affecting the ability to adhere to therapy.
  • Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease unless ALL of the following are noted:
    • CD4 count greater than 200 cells/mm; and
    • Undetectable HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) viral load; and
    • 3 or more months of stable anti-retroviral therapy ; and
    • Absence of opportunistic infections (eg aspergillus, tuberculosis, coccidiodi, other resistant fungal infections) or neoplasms (eg Kaposi’s sarcoma) associated with HIV disease 

Pancreas-Specific Criteria

Candidates for pancreas transplant alone should also meet one of the following severity of illness criteria:

  • Documented severe hypoglycemia unawareness as evidenced by chart notes or emergency department visits or
  • Documented potentially life-threatening labile diabetes, as evidenced by chart notes or hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis.

Additionally, most pancreas transplant patients will have type 1 diabetes. Those transplant candidates with type 2 diabetes, in addition to being insulin-dependent, should also not be obese (body mass index should be ≤32 kg/m2).

Multiple Transplant Criteria

Although there are no standard guidelines for multiple pancreas transplants, the following information may aid in case review:

  • If there is early graft loss resulting from technical factors (eg, venous thrombosis), a re-transplant may generally be performed without substantial additional risk.
  • Long-term graft losses may result from chronic rejection, which is associated with increased risk of infection following long-term immunosuppression, and sensitization, which increases the difficulty of finding a negative cross-match. Some transplant centers may wait to allow reconstitution of the immune system before initiating re-transplant with an augmented immunosuppression protocol.

Related Policies

See Medical Policy E-42, Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGM), for additional information.

See Medical Policy S-124, Kidney Transplant, for additional information.


Professional Statements and Societal Positions Guidelines

Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network-2022

The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network updated its comprehensive list of transplant-related policies, most recently in September 2022.

For pancreas registration:

“Each candidate registered on the pancreas waiting list must meet one of the following requirements:

  • Be diagnosed with diabetes
  • Have pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
  • Require the procurement or transplantation of a pancreas as part of a multiple organ transplant for technical reasons."
  • For combined kidney plus pancreas registration: "Each candidate registered on the kidney-pancreas waiting list must be diagnosed with diabetes or have pancreatic exocrine insufficiency with renal insufficiency." 

The American Society of Transplantation-2017

The American Society of Transplantation (2017) convened a consensus conference of experts to address issues related to the transplantation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-viremic recipients. Key findings and recommendations are:

  • Definition of HCV positive
    • HCV viremic reflecting a positive NAT should be adopted Data interpretation
  • Data interpretation
    • HCV antibody status alone limits interpretation of outcomes of transplantation of HCV "positive" organs
  • Transmission and Treatment
    • Highest risk for unexpected HCV transmission is associated with organ donation from a person who injected drugs within the eclipse or pre-viremic period
  • OPTN policy
    • No current policies prevent transplantation of HCV-viremic organs into HCV non-viremic recipients
  • Ethical considerations
    • Transplantation of HCV-viremic organs into HCV non-viremic recipients should be conducted under site specific IRB approved protocols with multi-step informed consent.


Covered Diagnosis Codes for Procedure Codes 48550, 48551, 48552, 48554, 48999, S2065

E10.8

E10.10

E10.11

E10.21

E10.22

E10.29

E10.36

E10.39

E10.40

E10.41

E10.42

E10.43

E10.44

E10.49

E10.51

E10.52

E10.59

E10.65

E10.69

E10.311

E10.319

E10.610

E10.618

E10.620

E10.621

E10.622

E10.628

E10.630

E10.638

E10.641

E10.649

E10.3211

E10.3212

E10.3213

E10.3291

E10.3292

E10.3293

E10.3311

E10.3312

E10.3313

E10.3391

E10.3392

E10.3393

E10.3411

E10.3412

E10.3413

E10.3491

E10.3492

E10.3493

E10.3511

E10.3512

E10.3513

E10.3591

E10.3592

E10.3593

E11.8

E11.00

E11.01

E11.10

E11.11

E11.21

E11.22

E11.29

E11.36

E11.39

E11.40

E11.41

E11.42

E11.43

E11.44

E11.49

E11.51

E11.52

E11.59

E11.65

E11.69

E11.311

E11.319

E11.610

E11.618

E11.620

E11.621

E11.622

E11.628

E11.630

E11.638

E11.641

E11.649

E11.3211

E11.3212

E11.3213

E11.3291

E11.3292

E11.3293

E11.3311

E11.3312

E11.3313

E11.3391

E11.3392

E11.3393

E11.3411

E11.3412

E11.3413

E11.3491

E11.3492

E11.3493

E11.3511

E11.3512

E11.3513

E11.3591

E11.3592

E11.3593

E13.8

E13.21

E13.22

E13.29

E13.69

T86.890

T86.891

T86.892

T86.898

T86.899

Z79.4

Z90.5

 

 

Covered Diagnosis Codes for Procedure Codes: 50300, 50320, 50323, 50325, 50327, 50328, 50329, 50340, 50360, 50365, 50370, 50380, 50547

N18.4

N18.5

N18.6

N18.9

 

 

 



Place of Service: Inpatient

Experimental/Investigational (E/I) services are not covered regardless of place of service.



The policy position applies to all commercial lines of business



Links






This policy is designed to address medical guidelines that are appropriate for the majority of individuals with a particular disease, illness, or condition. Each person's unique clinical or other circumstances may warrant individual consideration, based on review of applicable medical records, as well as other regulatory, contractual and/or legal requirements.

Medical policies do not constitute medical advice, nor are they intended to govern the practice of medicine. They are intended to reflect Highmark's reimbursement and coverage guidelines. Coverage for services may vary for individual members, based on the terms of the benefit contract.

Highmark retains the right to review and update its medical policy guidelines at its sole discretion. These guidelines are the proprietary information of Highmark. Any sale, copying or dissemination of the medical policies is prohibited; however, limited copying of medical policies is permitted for individual use.

Discrimination is Against the Law
The Claims Administrator/Insurer complies with applicable Federal civil rights laws and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex. The Claims Administrator/Insurer does not exclude people or treat them differently because of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex. The Claims Administrator/ Insurer:

  • Provides free aids and services to people with disabilities to communicate effectively with us, such as:
    • Qualified sign language interpreters
    • Written information in other formats (large print, audio, accessible electronic formats, other formats)
  • Provides free language services to people whose primary language is not English, such as:
    • Qualified interpreters
    • Information written in other languages

If you need these services, contact the Civil Rights Coordinator.

If you believe that the Claims Administrator/Insurer has failed to provide these services or discriminated in another way on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex, you can file a grievance with: Civil Rights Coordinator, P.O. Box 22492, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, Phone: 1-866-286-8295, TTY: 711, Fax: 412-544-2475, email: CivilRightsCoordinator@highmarkhealth.org. You can file a grievance in person or by mail, fax, or email. If you need help filing a grievance, the Civil Rights Coordinator is available to help you.

You can also file a civil rights complaint with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights electronically through the Office for Civil Rights Complaint Portal, available at https://ocrportal.hhs.gov/ocr/portal/lobby.jsf, or by mail or phone at:

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
200 Independence Avenue, SW
Room 509F, HHH Building
Washington, D.C. 20201
1-800-368-1019, 800-537-7697 (TDD)

Complaint forms are available at http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/office/file/index.html.

This information is issued by Highmark Blue Shield on behalf of its affiliated Blue companies, which are independent licensees of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association.  Highmark Inc. d/b/a Highmark Blue Shield and certain of its affiliated Blue companies serve Blue Shield members in the 21 counties of central Pennsylvania. As a partner in joint operating agreements, Highmark Blue Shield also provides services in conjunction with a separate health plan in southeastern Pennsylvania.  Highmark Inc. or certain of its affiliated Blue companies also serve Blue Cross Blue Shield members in 29 counties in western Pennsylvania, 13 counties in northeastern Pennsylvania, the state of West Virginia plus Washington County, Ohio, the state of Delaware[ and [8] counties in western New York and Blue Shield members in [13] counties in northeastern New York].  All references to Highmark in this document are references to Highmark Inc. d/b/a Highmark Blue Shield and/or to one or more of its affiliated Blue companies.





Medical policies do not constitute medical advice, nor are they intended to govern the practice of medicine. They are intended to reflect reimbursement and coverage guidelines. Coverage for services may vary for individual members, based on the terms of the benefit contract.

Discrimination is Against the Law
The Claims Administrator/Insurer complies with applicable Federal civil rights laws and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex. The Claims Administrator/Insurer does not exclude people or treat them differently because of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex. The Claims Administrator/ Insurer:

  • Provides free aids and services to people with disabilities to communicate effectively with us, such as:
  • Qualified sign language interpreters
  • Written information in other formats (large print, audio, accessible electronic formats, other formats)

  • Provides free language services to people whose primary language is not English, such as:
  • Qualified interpreters
  • Information written in other languages
  • If you need these services, contact the Civil Rights Coordinator.

    If you believe that the Claims Administrator/Insurer has failed to provide these services or discriminated in another way on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex, you can file a grievance with: Civil Rights Coordinator, P.O. Box 22492, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, Phone: 1-866-286-8295 , TTY: 711, Fax: 412-544-2475, email: CivilRightsCoordinator@highmarkhealth.org. You can file a grievance in person or by mail, fax, or email. If you need help filing a grievance, the Civil Rights Coordinator is available to help you.

    You can also file a civil rights complaint with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights electronically through the Office for Civil Rights Complaint Portal, available at https://ocrportal.hhs.gov/ocr/portal/lobby.jsf, or by mail or phone at:

    U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    200 Independence Avenue, SW
    Room 509F, HHH Building
    Washington, D.C. 20201
    1-800-368-1019, 800-537-7697 (TDD)

    Complaint forms are available at http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/office/file/index.html.